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Conqueror
Pilla Bewarse
Username: Conqueror
Post Number: 383
Registered: 04-2005
Posted From: 61.19.223.131
Rating: N/A
Votes: 0 (Vote!) | | Posted on Friday, April 22, 2005 - 6:07 pm: |    |
ohh adi naa paytyam aaa.. |
Kasakbabu
Vooriki Bewarse
Username: Kasakbabu
Post Number: 3738
Registered: 11-2004
Posted From: 202.141.43.24
Rating: N/A
Votes: 0 (Vote!) | | Posted on Friday, April 22, 2005 - 6:06 pm: | |
malli ippudu cinemaa soottaa postuthunnaadu |
Bhrigu
Desanike Pedda Bewarse
Username: Bhrigu
Post Number: 6058
Registered: 11-2004
Posted From: 69.228.253.113
Rating: N/A
Votes: 0 (Vote!) | | Posted on Friday, April 22, 2005 - 6:04 pm: | |
GF uu, 'which' undadu |
Bhrigu
Desanike Pedda Bewarse
Username: Bhrigu
Post Number: 6057
Registered: 11-2004
Posted From: 69.228.253.113
Rating: N/A
Votes: 0 (Vote!) | | Posted on Friday, April 22, 2005 - 6:03 pm: | |
Brad mama, nee rangula jollu theesesi choodu BLACK cinema ni .. |
Conqueror
Pilla Bewarse
Username: Conqueror
Post Number: 382
Registered: 04-2005
Posted From: 61.19.223.131
Rating: N/A
Votes: 0 (Vote!) | | Posted on Friday, April 22, 2005 - 6:03 pm: | |
make an offer which he cant refuse.. |
Bhrigu
Desanike Pedda Bewarse
Username: Bhrigu
Post Number: 6055
Registered: 11-2004
Posted From: 69.228.253.113
Rating: N/A
Votes: 0 (Vote!) | | Posted on Friday, April 22, 2005 - 6:01 pm: | |
>> memu edo telsukovalani jignasa!
baundi baundi .. no more comments .. |
Brad
Bewarse ke Bewarse!
Username: Brad
Post Number: 19359
Registered: 03-2004
Posted From: 204.99.118.9
Rating: N/A
Votes: 0 (Vote!) | | Posted on Friday, April 22, 2005 - 5:56 pm: | |
maharsi ,
tunts  |
Techie
Kurra Bewarse
Username: Techie
Post Number: 1000
Registered: 03-2005
Posted From: 192.127.94.7
Rating: N/A
Votes: 0 (Vote!) | | Posted on Friday, April 22, 2005 - 5:56 pm: | |
just trying to learn things brighu mama! memu edo telsukovalani jignasa!  |
Bhrigu
Desanike Pedda Bewarse
Username: Bhrigu
Post Number: 6053
Registered: 11-2004
Posted From: 69.228.253.113
Rating: N/A
Votes: 0 (Vote!) | | Posted on Friday, April 22, 2005 - 5:54 pm: | |
Brad mama, monitor naakindi chaalle gaani, elli black choodu |
Kasakbabu
Vooriki Bewarse
Username: Kasakbabu
Post Number: 3735
Registered: 11-2004
Posted From: 202.141.43.24
Rating: N/A
Votes: 0 (Vote!) | | Posted on Friday, April 22, 2005 - 5:53 pm: | |
 |
Brad
Bewarse ke Bewarse!
Username: Brad
Post Number: 19356
Registered: 03-2004
Posted From: 204.99.118.9
Rating: N/A
Votes: 0 (Vote!) | | Posted on Friday, April 22, 2005 - 5:53 pm: | |
maharsi  |
Bhrigu
Desanike Pedda Bewarse
Username: Bhrigu
Post Number: 6051
Registered: 11-2004
Posted From: 69.228.253.113
Rating: N/A
Votes: 0 (Vote!) | | Posted on Friday, April 22, 2005 - 5:52 pm: | |
vaammoooo.. endidanthaaa ? |
Sollu
Desanike Pedda Bewarse
Username: Sollu
Post Number: 8267
Registered: 03-2004
Posted From: 144.160.130.16
Rating: N/A
Votes: 0 (Vote!) | | Posted on Friday, April 22, 2005 - 5:52 pm: | |
mods plz ban brad babai he's using world's biggest boothulu on me |
Brad
Bewarse ke Bewarse!
Username: Brad
Post Number: 19354
Registered: 03-2004
Posted From: 204.99.118.9
Rating: N/A
Votes: 0 (Vote!) | | Posted on Friday, April 22, 2005 - 5:51 pm: | |
siranjeevi kanipithannadu mana tuntilo
nuvvu Allu A vi kaadu gaaaa..  |
Sollu
Desanike Pedda Bewarse
Username: Sollu
Post Number: 8264
Registered: 03-2004
Posted From: 144.160.130.16
Rating: N/A
Votes: 0 (Vote!) | | Posted on Friday, April 22, 2005 - 5:49 pm: | |
mamulu form kadu naaku ayithe siranjeevi kanipithannadu mana tuntilo |
Brad
Bewarse ke Bewarse!
Username: Brad
Post Number: 19350
Registered: 03-2004
Posted From: 204.99.118.9
Rating: N/A
Votes: 0 (Vote!) | | Posted on Friday, April 22, 2005 - 5:46 pm: | |
tunts matter sadavaledu kaani, full form lo vunnattu vunnav gaa......... |
Techie
Kurra Bewarse
Username: Techie
Post Number: 998
Registered: 03-2005
Posted From: 192.127.94.7
Rating: N/A
Votes: 0 (Vote!) | | Posted on Friday, April 22, 2005 - 5:45 pm: | |
by Andrew Jacobs, Debate Coach and
Assistant Professor of Speech,
SUNY Rockland, and PeoplesForum.com member.
Like playing chess or sports, debating is a skill that can be
dramatically improved if you receive the right coaching. The following tips aren't rocket
science -- they should remind you of what you already do when you argue well.
The
difficulty that most people have with any activity they engage in without training is that
they can't explain why a particular effort succeeded or failed. Without an awareness of
the principles of debate, people will occasionally make brilliant arguments, but can't
consistently duplicate their successes. The following tips attempt to lay bare the basic
processes that consistently produce good argumentation. They should help you think up
better arguments, understand the structure of an argument, and identify a range of common
counter-arguments. Beginning students of debate should self-consciously employ these
practices. Use this tip sheet as a checklist if need be. As you become more familiar with
the principles you will begin to apply them so automatically that the process will become
instinctive. Once you are aware of the moves you and your opponent are making you can
begin to think strategically. It is strategic awareness that distinguishes the
occasionally victorious novice from the consistently successful experienced debater.
1. Think of as Many Arguments as Possible.
No argument is too stupid to entertain. I'm not saying you should make every argument
you think up, but at least give yourself the freedom to think along unconventional lines.
Some of the best arguments are created this way. Once you have brainstormed every possible
argument you can critically evaluate them. If you are critical of yourself during the
brainstorm you will short-circuit the process.
2. After the Brainstorm, Push Yourself Further
There is always one more good argument lurking in your head. The ones that are hardest
to think up are often the hardest to defeat. Use this strategy with Tip #6: Utilize a
Variety of Arguments. Think of one more argument for each of those categories.
3. Have Multiple Answers
Give three reasons. No matter what argument you are making or attacking, strive to give
a minimum of three distinct reasons. In everyday conversation we rarely have the chance to
make more than one argument on a topic before someone responds. This creates the bad habit
of thinking in single arguments. Break free of this habit by thinking, three.
4. Create Multiple Layers of Attack/Defense
Debaters often put all their eggs in one argumentative basket. If their basic argument
fails, they lose. Make sure you are using a variety of arguments and don't dismiss an
argument simply because it seems easy to defeat. Arguments that look weak to you may
appear insurmountable to your opponent. Throw everything at your opponent and see what
works. This is especially important because the reverse may also be true: arguments which
you thought were invincible are often crushed with alarming ease by your opponents.
Debaters often use a single argumentative theme because they have fallen victim to the
hobgoblin known as consistency. Escape this demon by using two little words: even if.
Let's say you are defending Bill Clinton against removal from office. You could say, Even
if Bill Clinton is guilty of perjury, it doesn't warrant removal from office. This way,
you get to argue he is innocent, but also get to say being guilty isn't grounds for
removal.
5. Recognize the Clash of Values
Despite the strategic importance of creating multiple layers of attack and defense,
debaters can usually identify key underlying values that are in conflict in every
controversy. Should cops be able to search a car without a warrant? The societal value of
privacy clashes with the value of security. Should citizens be able to invest their social
security money any way they want? Individual freedom clashes with public welfare. No
matter what you are debating, identify the values that seem to be in conflict. If you can
prove on a philosophical level that your value should always take priority, you will win
no matter what the facts of the matter regarding automobile searches, social security, or
whatever. Value based attacks are very powerful and much overlooked weapons in debaters'
arsenals.
6. Utilize a variety of arguments
Arguments fall into a variety of classifications. Recognizing different kinds of
arguments helps you to think them up and to think strategically about debating.
a. Take-outs
This is probably the most common type of argument. A take-out eliminates the opposing
argument. Any time a person says, "No," they are making a take-out argument. For
example, suppose that your opponent claims that Europe's population must be rising because
the entire world's population is growing. You could take out the claim by citing a more
specific study showing that European population is declining.
b. Presses
A press is a demand for more information. For example, imagine that your opponent cites
a death penalty study showing that after capital punishment was instituted, murder rates
declined. You might ask, "Does the study rule out other factors for the decline in
murder rates such as the decline in drug use, more effective policing, or a declining
population of juveniles (a group that tends to commit more violent crimes)?" The best
presses are worded so that absent a good answer the original argument is taken out. So the
above press might conclude with, "If my opponent cannot rule out these factors for
the decline in murder rates, we shouldn't assume institution of the death penalty is
responsible."
Presses work on the principle that "he who asserts must prove." Too often
debaters respond to statistical studies by saying, "that's not true," and their
opponent simply says, "prove it." The press in the above example becomes a
take-out without incurring any burden of proof.
c. Turn-Arounds
In a turn-around, an argument supporting one side becomes an argument for the other
side. For example, suppose your opponent says that the TV rating system will decrease the
amount of sex and violence viewed by children, you might argue that the rating system
creates a forbidden fruit effect. When a movie is rated as not suitable for some viewers,
children get curious and want to know what it is they shouldn't see. Ratings may spotlight
troublesome programs and perversely increase child viewer-ship. This is a classic
turn-around. Turns are often hard to think up at first, but become easier with practice.
One key to thinking of them is to remember to look for them. Say to yourself, is it
possible that what is bad is actually good (or vice versa)?
d. Counter-plans
Whenever a person calls for a particular action to be taken, the opponent can argue for
a different course of action, or counter-plan. When Republicans called for impeachment of
President Clinton, some Democrats called for censure- a counter-plan. Because
counter-plans are usually game winning arguments you should use them whenever possible.
Try to think of three of them. Counter-plans are also great to use with that nifty little
phrase, "even if," described in tip #4.
e. Disadvantages
Most plans of action have bad side-effects even when they work. These side effects are
disadvantages. Whatever course of action your opponent comes up with, try to think of
problems the course of action might create.
7. Examine your opponent's arguments carefully
Most argumentative confusion occurs when debaters talk past one another. A debater
argues one thing, the other thinks the argument is something else, and confusion reigns.
For example, if your opponent says Bill Clinton is good, what does your opponent mean?
Bill Clinton is morally good? Clinton is an effective president? Clinton is an effective
politician? You can't beat your opponent if you don't know what s/he is saying.
8. Respond to every argument
Don't forget to respond to every argument and don't ignore arguments (even if you think
they are silly). You never know how a judge will feel about an argument, so you need to
deal with them all. One more thing, don't respond by saying an argument is silly (or
ludicrous etc.); explain why the argument shouldn't be taken seriously. You never know
what bizarre argument will seem sane and sober to a judge.
9. Think like Your Opponent … Be Your Opponent.
Debaters must debate to convince their opponents not themselves. Rooms filled with
pro-lifers can't understand why pro-choicers think the way they do. Rooms filled with
pro-choicers can't understand why pro-lifers think the way they do. This is why so many
from both camps simply scream at one-another; they don't see the opposition as rational.
If you can't understand why your opponent's arguments seem intellectually and emotionally
appealing to him or her, you are unlikely to win many debates. A debater's job is to crawl
into the heads of their opponents and figure out what makes them tick. This approach will
help you win over judges who think like your opponents.
If I might preach for a moment, the process of thinking like your opponent is also a
very humanizing experience. For all the war-like metaphors used in debate (such as beating
your opponent, attacking their positions etc.), the activity should make us more
empathetic and tolerant of ideas different from our own. To me, this is debate's greatest
reward.
Once you are thinking and feeling like your opponent, brainstorm all the possible
arguments against your own. If you can't predict what your opponent is likely to say
against you, then you aren't ready to debate. If you suspect your judge thinks like your
opponent try to choose argumentative positions that require slight changes in belief
rather than radical changes in world-view.
10. Learn from Your Losses
First the bad news. You will lose. Let me repeat that. You will lose. If you don't
lose, then you haven't debated for very long or at a very competitive level. Now the good
news: debate is a skill that can be improved. One of the greatest joys of competitive
debate is the winning and the losing. Notice that I didn't say the winning. It is the
losses that help you appreciate the wins and it is the losses that are the best learning
experiences (plus, those debates should still have been fun). If you view every loss as a
humiliation to be forgotten or as a bad decision by a crazy judge, you will not improve
and you will not improve your win-loss record. I'm not saying judges don't make kooky
decisions, but the best debaters know how to guard against a lot of a judge's kookiness.
Cherish your losses as well as your wins!
Have fun and good luck! |
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